With over 50 years of operating history in our liquids pipelines business, we have well-defined processes for identifying and managing environmental issues, and we are constantly refining these practices.

A key example is the operational risk model we're implementing in our Canadian liquids pipelines operations to identify and incorporate a variety of risks into our decision-making models. This system is based on a highly successful system that we use in the United States to identify risks and map "high consequence" areas along our liquids pipelines.

Using the operational risk model enables us to identify areas along our pipelines, such as highly populated regions and unusually sensitive environmental habitats, where our operations could potentially cause adverse environmental impacts. We're using the system to ask rigorous questions about different sites along our liquids pipelines system: What are the design characteristics of the pipe at the site? Is the site close to an environmentally sensitive wildlife habitat? Are there species at risk in the area? Are there water crossings that could be affected? And so on.

We're continually adding to our database of information and putting this data to practical use. Our EH&S professionals, for example, use the information to pre-screen different sites along our

pipelines before we carry out maintenance digs. The system will tell our staff about known environmental features so we can avoid or mitigate potential environmental impacts. These actions may involve creating setback distances from sensitive habitats or modifying the timing of our activities to avoid disruptions to birds during nesting periods. In these and other ways, we're applying the operational risk model to ensure environmental issues are always front and centre in our project planning.